KARS, a
town in Turkish Armenia, is situated in a high
rugged plain, between 6000 and 7000 feet above
the level of the sea, on the ????, a feeder of the Araxes,
about 100 miles straight-line distance N.B. from
Erzurum, N.W. from
Bayazid, and 8.E. from Batoum on the Black
Sea, in 40' 27' N. lat., 43° E. long., and has
about 12,000 inhabitants. It is about 45 miles
W.S.W. from the Russian town and fortress of
Gumri, or Alexandropol. It stands in a rocky
amphitheater of black basaltic hills, and has a
dark dismal look, from the total absence of
trees, and from the circumstance that all the
houses are built of black basalt. It contains
about 300 houses, 20 mosques, and 4 baths. Part
of the town is walled and has a citadel built by
Amnrath III. : but it is untenable against
artillery, being commanded by heights within
musket range on the opposite side of a deep
narrow ravine traversed by the Arpa. The two
portions of the town are united by two stone
bridges thrown across the river which encircles
the walled portion of the town on three sides. Kars
was formerly a large town with from 6000 to 8000
houses, but a great part of the Turkish
population abandoned it during the Russian
occupation in 1828-9, and on the retreat of the
Russian army all the Armenians emigrated to the
neighboring provinces of Russia ; so that from
Russian violence and the desertion of its
inhabitant1; it fell into a state of ruin and
decay.
Soon
after the commencement of the late war between
Turkey and Russia, General Guyon was sent to Kars
at the end of 1863 as chief of the staff and
president of the military council. He disciplined
the Turkish army, and constructed defenses. He
was succeeded in 1854 by Lieutenant-Colonel
Williams (now Major-General Sir William Williams)
as her Majesty's Commissioner with the Turkish
forces in the East. The defenses were extended
and improved, so that when the
Russian General Mouravieff, who had invested Kars,
attempted to take it by assault, Sept. 29,1855,
he was repulsed with great slaughter. The brave
garrison, however, after being reduced to the
extremity of starvation, were obliged to
capitulate. General Mouravieff treated the
garrison, soldiers and inhabitants, as well as
officers, with great humanity and kindness. By
the treaty of peace concluded at Paris in 1856, Kars
was evacuated by the Russian army, and restored
to Turkey.
The
pashalik of Kars includes the most northern part
of Turkey in Asia, extending from the Araxes and
Suvanli- Dagh to the Choruk-su, the Black Sea and
the Russian frontier. It is a rugged country of
lofty mountains and high plains, drained by the
Araxes, the Kur, and the Choruk-su.
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At my
lecture in late 2008 at my talk at the Textile
Museum two people in the audience brought in very
nice Kars rugs both with the distinctive black
field. Harold Keshishian told the audience about
Kars and mentioned the siege referenced above.
Harold compared the siege of Kars by Mouravieff
to the campaign of Caesar in Gaul Except of
course that Caesar prevailed. Russ Pickering
concurred.
Aug 15, 2008 ... Kars
is a collection point for village rugs. Kars
rugs are often called ... A Group
of Kars Rugs and Their Relation
to Transcaucasian Rugs ...
Turkish Rugs: Kars
/Erzurum Area Kilim, 19th C. Oriental
Rugs · 18th C. Afyon Turkish Kilim
Rippon-Boswell lot 17 · A rare Anatolian
Kilim 19th C. Nagel Lot ...
An East Anatolian Kilem, Kars
/Erzurum Area, 19th C. Size 335 x 135 cm.
Description Woven in two panels. Estimate
4000. DM ...
We also have the
manufactured Kars type rugs
which appeal to a lot of customers due to
their pastel hues and bold designs. I can
call myself a specialist in ...
Erzurum lies east of Kars.
As only a few old kilims, in prayer
patterns with a ... Oriental Rugs:
Kars rug Experience is needed to
differentiate certain ...
Nov 9, 2008 ... Guide
to Turkish Rugs & Carpets - Kars.
Karzai, Hamid. Hamid Karzai is the son of
the late Abdul Ahad Karzai. With the
death of his father ...
(and Koosha Kar Co.
export division) Has very high quality
city carpets from ..... We also
have the manufactured Kars type
rugs which appeal to a lot of ...
From Kuba to Kars,"
at the Textile Museum in 1994. Major show
of flatwoven bags including some from the
collection of Wendel Swan. ...
Azerbaijani Republic) Armed
forces: Azerbaijan Armenia/Azerbaijan:
Cross-Border Incidents Azerbaijan
Internet Law Library Azerbaijan Treaty of
Kars.
